Cholinergic, Glutamatergic, and GABAergic Neurons of the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Have Distinct Effects on Sleep/Wake Behavior in Mice
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Subpopulations of cholinergic, GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in the pedunculopontine nucleus contain calcium-binding proteins and are heterogeneously distributed.
Neurons in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) are highly heterogeneous in their discharge properties, their neurochemical markers, their pattern of connectivity and the behavioural processes in which they participate. Three main transmitter phenotypes have been described, cholinergic, GABAergic and glutamatergic, and yet electrophysiological evidence suggests heterogeneity within these subtypes...
متن کاملCholinergic and endocannabinoid neuromodulatory effects overlap on neurons of the pedunculopontine nucleus of mice.
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is a part of the reticular activating system and one of the main sources of the cholinergic fibers in the midbrain, while it is also subject to cholinergic modulation. This nucleus is known to be a structure that controls sleep-wake cycles, arousal, and locomotion. Neurons of the PPN are targets of several neuromodulatory mechanisms, which elicit heterogeneous...
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Background Ketamine rapidly elicits antidepressive effects in humans and mice in which serotonergic activity is involved. Although α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α4β2 nAChR) in the dorsal raphe nucleus plays a key role in the ketamine-induced prefrontal serotonin release, the source of cholinergic afferents, and its role is unclear. Methods Prefrontal serotonin levels after ketamine i...
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In this article, we address the role of neuronal activity in the pathways of the brainstem-midbrain circuit in reward and the basis for believing that this circuit provides advantages over previous reinforcement learning theory. Several lines of evidence support the reward-based learning theory proposing that midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons send a teaching signal (the reward prediction error sig...
متن کاملThe Effects of Inactivation of Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus by Cobalt (II) Chloride on Cardiovascular Responses in Hemorrhagic Hypotensive Rats
Introduction: Based on the evidence, the Pedunculopontine Tegmental nucleus (PPT) is involved in cardiovascular function regulation. In this study, the probable role of PPT on cardiovascular parameters in the hypotension induced by Hemorrhage (HEM) was evaluated. Methods: The study rats were divided up into 5 groups: 1. Control (Saline); 2. Cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl2); 3. HEM; 4. Saline+HEM; ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Journal of Neuroscience
سال: 2016
ISSN: 0270-6474,1529-2401
DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1405-16.2016